Pressurized fluid controlled vibrators

ABSTRACT

A vibrator device is provided in which the actuator rod of a hydraulic ram or jack is rapidly reciprocated, automatically, by means of a hydraulic control circuit which includes a pump, a plurality of connecting conduits, and an oscillating distributor or valve which, under the influence of fluid pressure in the various lines of the circuit, alternately allows pressurized fluid to be supplied to the pressure chamber of the ram or to the reservoir of the circuit, thereby to reciprocate the actuator rod of the jack.

United States atet Fontaine Nov. 11, 1975 PRESSURIZED FLUID CONTROLLED 3,013,538 12/1961 Welcher 91/48 VIBRATORS 3,464,315 9/1969 Weyer 91/240 [75] Inventor :22:2 P. Fontame Verbene Primar E.\'amine1"Paul E. Maslousky Attorney, Agent, or FirmLewis H. Eslinger; Alvin [73] Assignee: Societe Anonyme: Poclain, Le Plessis si d -b d Belleville, France [211 Appl' 420697 A vibrator device is provided in which the actuator rod of a hydraulic ramor jack is rapidly reciprocated, [30] Foreign Application Prio it D t automatically, by means of a hydraulic control circuit Jan. 15, 1973 France 73.01326 which includes a Pump a plurality of connecting duits, and an oscillating distributor or valve which, 52 US. Cl. 91/48; 91/50; 91/240 under the ihthlehee fluid Pressure in the Various [51 Int. (:1. FOIL 25/06 hhes ef the eheuit, alternately ehewe Pressurized fluid 58 Field of Search 91/240, 50,48 to be Supplied te the Pressure Chamber of the ram or to the reservoir of the circuit, thereby to reciprocate References Cited the actuator rod of the jack.

UNITED STATES PATENTS 4/1961 Norton et al. 9l/5O 7 Claims, 6 Drawing Figures U.S. Patent N0v.11 1975 Sheet2of6 3,918,350

US. Patent Nov. 11, 1975 Sheet 3 of6 3,918,350

US. Patent Nov.11, 1975 Sheet4of6 3,918,350

NW VN mg U.S. Patent Nov. 11,1975 Sheet50f6 3,918,350

U.S. Patent N0v.11, 1975 Sheet60f6 3,918,350

PRESSURIZED FLUID CONTROLLED VIBRATORS electronic techniquesfor producing the desired vibrations. These devices are disadvantageous since the consumer-s are obliged to, provide. supplies of electricity, whichis not always convenient to have everywhere that tests have to -be,madeandth,ey are techniques.,.which are generally not well known to the users and which, moreover, may cause breakdownsinthe equipment due to lack of mechanical resistance-to the shocks of the electronic or electrical constituents.

The invention proposes to-remedy these drawbacks and has for its object to provide a vibration generator of novel type, called a fluid-controlled vibrator, which, in its preferred embodiment, is a very robust hydraulic vibrator.

The invention thereforerelates-to a pressurised fluid controlledvibrator constituted by at least one pump, a fluid reservoir, a receivercomprising at least one socalled drive chamber, a first elementfixed to a structure and a second movable element coupled "to a body of determined mass,-a suction conduit connecting the pump to the reservoir, a delivery conduit connecting the pump to said drive chamber and-by a device for checking'the value of thepressure of. the fluid contained insaid delivery conduit, known as a first check ingdevice. 1p- I This first checking device is itself constituted by a two-way distributor pro-vided,with a movable member coupled to a jack controlling its position and comprising an inlet chamber and toareturn member, known as a first return member, whose effect on said movable member isantagonistic totthatoftheufluid contained in the inlet chamber andvby four main conduits, the first one connecting the delivery conduitto the fluid reservoir, whilst a mainicalibrated valve is disposed on said first conduit and its opening is controlled by the antagonistic effects of a-.second* return member and of the pressure of the fluid contained in the part ofsaid first conduit between the connection-to the delivery conduit and itself; the second =conduiticonnects the delivery conduit to the inlet chamber of the jack; the third conduit, the second conduit to the distributor, being con nected to saidlsecond ,conduit between a so-called first calibrated orifice, disposed'ion this second conduit, and the connection ofsa-id secondf conduitt -the delivery conduit, and the fourthconduit-connects the distributor to the fluid reservoir w:

A calibrated control'valve is disposed, in the second conduit downstream of said vfirst calibrated orifice with respect to thedelivery conduit and itsopening is controlled by .the antagonistic effects =of a ,third return member and the pressure Eof the fluid containedin the part of said secondconduit between the first calibrated orifice and itself; A connecting conduit is connected to the second conduit between said control valve, and the inlet chamber of the jack and-connectsthis second conduit tothe third conduit,.a'mon-return valve being disposed on said connecting conduit and allowing passage of the fluid from the-second conduit towards thethird conduit. r f.

Finally, in the first position of the distributor which corresponds to the preponderance of the effect of the first return member on that of the fluid contained in the inlet chamber, the third and fourth conduits are obturated at the level of the distributor, whilst in the second position of the distributor, which corresponds to the preponderance of the effect of the fluid contained in the inlet chamber on that of the first return member, communication is established at the level of the distributor between the third and fourth conduits.

The first and second conduits advantageously have a common part which is connected to the delivery conduit. The main valve is then constituted by a valve body, in which a slide, slidably mounted therein, is capable of being in sealed abutment on the seat of said valve and makes with said valve body, when it is effectively in sealed abutment, an exhaust chamber which is separated from said common part, the part of the first conduit other than this common part being permanently connected to said exhaust chamber. A second calibrated orifice is moreover arranged in said slide, connects the common part to the part of the second conduit other than the common part, and is disposed between the connection of the third conduit to the second conduit and the connection of said second conduit to the delivery conduit.

It is often preferred that the opening of the main calibrated valve is controlled by the effect of the pressure of the fluid contained in the part of the second conduit between the first and second calibrated orifices, said effect being in a direction identical to that of the second return member and tending to maintain said main calibrated valve obturated.

In the same way, the opening of the calibrated control valve may in addition be controlled by the effect of the pressure of the fluid contained in the part of the second conduit comprised between itself and the inlet chamber of the jack, said effect being in the same direction as that of the third return member and tending to maintain said calibrated control valve obturated.

The control valve is preferably constituted by an obturating element which is movably mounted in a valve body, whilst. the third return member is itself constituted by an elastic member interposed between said obturating element and a support part, whose position is adjustable with respect to said valve body.

When the receiver is of single effect, the first return member of the movable member of the distributor is simply constituted by a spring.

.On the contrary, when the receiver is of double effect, and comprises a second drive chamber, the vibrator advantageously comprises in addition a second pump, a second delivery conduit which connects said second pump to said second drive chamber, and a second check device whose constitution is identical to that of the first check device and comprises in particular a twoeway distributor provided with a movable member coupled with a jack controlling its position and comprising an inlet chamber and a return member, as well as a. second conduit connected to said inlet chamber.

The movable member of at least one of the distributors of the first and second checking devices is coupled to a second jack for controlling its position, which constitutes its return member and which comprises a socalled second inlet chamber, to which is connected the second conduit of that of the two checking devices which comprises the other of the distributors.

In a preferred embodiment, the distributors of the two checking devices then comprise a single movable memer coupled to two jacks, the first position of one of the distributors corresponding to the second position of the other distributor, and vice versa, the first of the other corresponding to the second of the one. A first of these jacks concomitantly constitutes the jack controlling the position of the movable member of the distributor of a first checking device and the return member of the movable member of the distributor of the second checking device, whilst, correlatively, the second of these jacks concomitantly constitutes the jack controlling the position of the movable member of the distributor of said second checking device and the return member of the movable member of the distributor of said first checking device.

The invention will be more readily understood with reference to the following drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a vibrator according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a section through an embodiment of the vibrator which is shown in FIG. 1 and is adapted to the execution of a single action receiver;

FIGS. 3, 4 and are sections similar to that of FIG. 2 and showing the same vibrator, but during three other phases of operation;

FIG. 6 is a section through a second embodiment of a vibrator according to the invention, adapted to the execution of a double action receiver.

Referring now to the drawings, FIG. 1 shows a vibrator which comprises a pump 1, a fluid-reservoir 2 and a fluid receiver or ram 3 constituted by a single-action jack whose driver chamber 4 is connected to the pump 1 by the delivery conduit 5 of said pump. The cylinder 6 of the jack 3 is fixed to a structure 7, such as a solid concrete mass, by a shaft or pin 8. Furthermore, a body 9 of determined mass is rendered integral with the piston rod 10 of the jack, by a pin 11 inserted in the openings of a stirrup member 12 integrally connected to body 9. The body 9 may, in the present case, be in abutment on a face 13 of the structure 7. The pump 1 is connected to the reservoir 2 by suction conduit 14.

A two-way distributor or valve 15 is provided with a movable member or slide 16 and is coupled on the one hand with a jack for controlling its position. This jack comprises an inlet chamber 17 formed in the housing of valve 15. On the other hand, i.e., on its opposite side, slide 16 is connected with a return or biasing member which, in the present case, is formed as a spring 18 whose effect on said slide 16 is antagonistic to that of the fluid contained in the inlet chamber 17.

The vibrator comprises furthermore four main conduits 19, 20, 21 and 22. The first conduit 19 connects the fluid delivery conduit 5 to the fluid reservoir 2. A main valve 23 is disposed in this first conduit 19. The second conduit 20 connects the delivery conduit 5 to inlet chamber 17 through the first conduit 19, as seen in FIG. 1. The third conduit 21 connects the second conduit 20 to the distributor 15. Conduit 21 is connected to said second conduit 20 between a first calibrated orifice 24, disposed in conduit 20, and the connection of conduit 20 to the delivery conduit 5. The fourth conduit 22 connects the distributor 15 to the reservoir 2.

In addition, a calibrated control valve is disposed in the second conduit 20 downstream of the calibrated orifice 24 with respect to the delivery conduit 5. Moreover, a connecting conduit 26 is-connected to the second conduit 20 between the control valve 25 and the inlet chamber 17 and connects said second conduit 20 to the third conduit 21. A non-return valve 27 is disposed in this connecting conduit 26 and allows passage of the fluid from the second conduit 20 towards the third conduit 21.

Finally, the two positions of the distributor 15 act as follows: In the first position, which is shown in FIG. 1,

the slide 16 is subjected to the preponderance of the effect of the spring 18 over the effect of the pressure of the fluid contained in the inlet chamber 17, so that slide 16 is biased to the left in FIG. 1. As a result, at the level of the distributor, the third conduit 21 and fourth conduit 22 are obturated e.g. closed. In the second position the slide 16 is subjected to the preponderance, contrary to the first position of the effect of the pressure of fluid contained in the inlet chamber 17, over the effect of the pressure of spring 18, so that slide 16 is biased to the right in FIG. 1. As a result, at the level of the distributor, the third conduit 21 and fourth conduit 22 are placed in communication with each other.

With reference to FIG. 1, it will further be noted that a second calibrated orifice 28 is disposed in the second conduit 20 between the connection of this conduit 20 to the first conduit 19 and the connection of the third conduit 21 to said conduit 20. Moreover, the control valve 25 is adjustable, and the opening of the main valve 23 is controlled, in manner known per se, by the pressure of the fluid contained in the part of the conduit 19 between valve 23 and the connection of conduit 19 to the delivery conduit 5. The effect of this pressure is antagonistic to that of a spring 32 acting on valve 23 and tends to open said main valve. This control is shown schematically by conduit 48. A counterpressure, equal to the pressure of the fluid contained in the part ofthe conduit 20 between the calibrated orifices 24 and 28, acts in the same direction as spring 32, and constitutes a second-control of the opening of the main valve 23, schematized by the conduit 49. In the same way, the calibrated control valve 25 is controlled I by (1) the antagonistic effects of the pressure of the fluid contained in the part of the conduit 20 between the first calibrated orifice 24 and said control valve 25, which pressure tends to open said control valve and is schematized by conduit 50 and, (2) the pressure of the fluid contained in the part of the conduit 20 between the control valve 25 and theinlet chamber 17, schematized by conduit 51 and a spring 38 which constitutes the member for adjusting the control valve 25.

With reference to FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and 5, they show the various elements found in FIG. 1, in four different configurations following the successive operations. The elements which have already been shown previously and which, in the course of the four configurations, retain the same position, are given the same references as those of FIG. 1. On the contrary, the main valve 23 and the calibrated control valve 25 are shown in detail, according to what is indicated hereinafter, and in several different positions. The sameapplies to the second calibrated orifice 28, the movable slide 16 of the distributor 15, the body 9, and the piston rod 10. These various elements, in FIGS. 2, 3, 4 and 5, have the same references as FIG. 1, followed by the following indices: a, b, c and d, respectively.

With reference to FIG. 2, it is firstly noted that a valve body 29 brings together various elements and particularly a slide 30a which is slidingly mounted inside a bore made in this body 29. The slide 30a is, in the present case, in sealed abutment on a bearing 31 of the body 29, and maintained in this position by means of the spring 32a interposed between the body 29 and itself. The assembly of the slide 30a, the spring 32a and the bearing 31 constitutes the main valve shown at 23.

in FIG. 1. A so-called exhaust chamber 33 is then made 'between the slide 30a and the valve body 29.

The part of the conduit 19 (of FIG. I) which forms the connections of said conduit 19 and the conduit to the delivery conduit 5 is identified as being the common part or conduit section 34 in FIG. 2.

In the configuration of FIG. 2, the common part 34 is separated from the exhaust chamber 33 by slide 30a. This latter is, moreover, provided with the second calibrated orifice 28a. Two chambers 35a and 36 are made in the valve body 29, the chamber 35a being defined by the slide 30a and the chamber 36 being disposed beyond the obturating element 37a of the control valve a with respect to the first calibrated orifice 24, which is made in the valve body 29 itself. The springs 38a are interposed between the obturating element 37a and a bearing part 39, which is mounted in the valve body 29, being maintained in position by a screw 40 blocked by a nut 41. It is also noted that the first conduit 19 and second conduit 20 (as shown in FIG. 1) are again distinct beyond their common part 34, the part 19 of said first conduit, which is not common, being, moreover, permanently connected to the exhaust chamber 33.

With reference to FIG. 2, it is further noted that the control valve 25a is itself also obturated, that the slide 16a of the distributor 15 is repelled entirely (i.e. held in the left position) by the spring 18a and is thus disposed in its first position, with the conduits 21 and 22 being obturated or blocked at the level of the distributor 15. In this position the body 9a is not yet in abutment on the face 13 of structure 7, the chamber of the jack being at 4a and the rod of the jack atl0a. Finally, an auxiliary escape conduit 42 connects the chamber of the distributor 15, in which the spring 18a is disposed to the fourth conduit 22, i.e. to reservoir 2.

FIG. 3 shows a second configuration of the vibrator, in which the various elements which may have been displaced have come, respectively to the following positions: The slide 16 of the distributor 15 has moved to 16b, wherein its left end is slightly spaced from distributor inlet 17b and the spring coupled to said slide is compressed to 18b; the slide of the main valve has moved leftward to b, the spring coupled to the slide to 32b, the chamber defined by this slide to b and the calibrated orifice made in this slide to 28b; the control valve is at 25b, its obturating element is at 37b and the springs coupled thereto is compressed at 38b; finally, the piston rod of the jack 3 has come to 10b, the body coupled thereto to 9b, and the drive chamber of the jack 3 has become chamber 4b. It is noted that in this position the slide 30b is no longer in abutment on bearing 31, and thus that a passage connects the common part 34 to the exhaust chamber 33; that the obturating element 37b is likewise no longer in abutment onits bearing, and therefore no'longer obturates the passage connecting the chambers 35b and 36, that the third conduit 21 and fourth conduit 22 are still obturated at the level of the distributor 15, although the slide 16b has been slightly displaced under the effect of the pressure of the fluid contained in the chamber 17b; finally, the body 9b is now in abutment on the face 13.

FIG. 4 shows a third configuration. In this position the movable elements have moved to the following positions; the slide of the distributor is located at 16c further from the inlet 170 of the distributor with a corresponding compression of spring 18c; the slide of the main valve has come to 300, the corresponding spring to 320, the chamber defined by this slide has become chamber 350, the control valve has arrived at 25c, its obturating element is at 37c, coupled to springs 38c; finally, the piston rod of the jack 3 has arrived at 10c, the body coupled thereto is at 9c and the drive chamber of the jack 3 has become chamber 40. The slide 30c is not in abutment on the bearing 31, so that communication is established between the common part 34 and the exhaust chamber 33. On the contrary, the obturating element 370 again isolates the chamber 36 from chamber 350. The slide 16c has established communication between the third conduit 21 and fourth conduit 22 and is therefore disposed in its second position. Finally, the body 90 is still in abutment on face 13, in a position which is moreover identical to its preceding one 9b.

Finally, with reference to FIG. 5, a fourth configuration is shown therein. The various elements have come to the following positions:

The slide of the distributor to 16d remains in its rightmost position away from inlet 17d and the spring 18 coupled therewith fully compressed to 18d. The slide of the main valve has come to 30d, and is again in sealed abutment on the bearing 31, the corresponding spring is at 32d, the chamber defined by said slide having become chamber 35b and the calibrated orifice made in this slide being at 28d.. The control valve is at 25d, its obturating element being at 37d, under the effect of the springs 38d, and effectively obturating the passage between the chambers 35d and 36. -Finally, the piston rod of the jack 3 has come to 10d, the body coupled therewith then being at 9d, again separated from face 13. The drive chamber of the jack 3 is shown as chamber 4d. It is noted that the slide 16d still establishes communication between the-third conduit 21 and fourth conduit 22 and is thus disposed in its second position.

The vibrator shown with reference to FIG. 6 is constituted by a double-action fluid receiver which, in the present case, is a jack 43. The fact that two drive chambers 4e and 4fhave to be fed, has led to providing most of the elements of FIG, 2 in duplicate. These elements which have already been defined hereinabove, will have the same reference numbers followed by index e for those concerning the drive chamber 4e and index f for those concerning drive chamber 4f.

However, it will be noted that a single distributor 45 is provided in replacement of above-mentioned distributor 15.

The jack 43 is constituted by a cylinder 46 inside which a piston defines chambers 4e and 4f. The piston rod 47 of the jack 43 is coupled to the body 9 of determined mass. The pumps 1e, lfare connected to reservoir 2 by this suction conduits 14e, l4f and to drive chambers4e, 4f by their delivery conduits 5e, 5f, respectively. Two valve bodies 29e, 29f have been provided and are connected by conduits 342, 34fto the delivery conduits Se, 5f; by conduits 19e, l9f to tank 2; by conduits 20e, 20f connected to chambers 36e, 36f to chambers 17e, l7fof the distributor 45; and by conduits 212, 21f to said distributor 45, respectively. The

connecting conduits 26e, 26f connect conduits e, 2le, and 20f, 21f of non-return valves 27e, 27f being disposed in said connecting conduits to allow passage of the fluid of conduits 20e, 20f to conduits 212, 21f,

respectively.

The bodies of valves 29e, 29fcomprise slides 30e, 30f provided with calibrated orifices 28e, 28f defining the exhaust chambers 33e, 33f, as well as chambers e, 35f which are capable of being in sealed abutment on the bearings 31e, 31f and coupled to springs 32e, 32f respectively. The conduits 21e, 21f are connected to chambers 35e, 35f, whilst conduits 34e, 34f are connected to exhaust chambers 33e, 33f respectively. The calibrated orifices 24e, 24f are disposed between the chambers 352 and 362, and 35fand 36f, whilst the obturating elements 37e, 37f, coupled to springs 38e, 38f and constituting the control valves 25e, 25f, may obturate the respective passages of said calibrated orifices 24e, 24f. The initial tensions of the springs 38e, 38fare furthermore adjustable, said springs being in abutment on the parts 39e, 39f, held in position in the bodies 29e, 29f by means of screws 40e, 40f and nuts 41e, 41f respectively. Moreover, the conduits 20e, 20f are connected to respective chambers 36e, 36f.

The distributor 45 comprises a single slide 44, which is subjected to the effects of the pressures of the fluids contained in chambers 17e and 17f, and is connected to reservoir 2 by conduit 22. The slide 44 may be disposed in the following two particular positions:

a first position, in which there is preponderance of the effect of the pressure of the fluid contained in the chamber 17f over that of the fluid contained in chamber 172, whereby the conduit 21e is obturated at the level of the distributor 45, whilst on the contrary communication is established between conduits 21fand 22. This position is shown in FIG. 6;

a second position in which there is a preponderance, contrary to the preceding one, of the effect of the fluid contained in chamber 17e on that contained in chamber 17f. In this position, communication is established between conduits 2le and 22, whilst conduit 21fis obturated at the level of the distributor 45.

It is further noted that, in the configuration of FIG. 6, the slide 302 is in sealed abutment on the bearing 31e, whilst slide 30fis separated from bearing 31f and thus that communication is established between conduit 34f and exhaust chamber 33]".

There now remains to be explained the functioning of the hydraulic vibrators which have just been described. This functioning will be understood with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5 on the one hand for the first embodiment, and on the other hand to FIG. 6 for the second.

With regard to FIG. 2, the pump 1 is stopped. The pressure of the fluid in the common part or conduit section 34 is therefore zero (i.e. the pressure in lines 19 and 20 of FIG. 1, between the connection of line 19 to line 5 and line 20 upstream of orifice 28 is zero), in the same way as in the delivery conduit '5 and in the drive chamber 4a, since the body 9a is not in abutment on face 13. Thus sprin g'32a maintains the slide 30a in sealed abutment on bearing 31. Similarly, the springs 38a maintain the control valve 25a in its closed position. Likewise, the pressure in the chamber 17a is, itself, substantially zero, and in any case insufficient to oppose the action of the spring 18a, which maintains the slide 160 in the closed position, at the level of the distributor 15, to obturate or block communication between the conduits 21 and 22.

Of course. it will have been noted that the bearing part 39, coupled to the screw 40 and to nut 41 could be adjusted in position in the valve body 29, this enabling a simple adjustment of the calibration of the control valve 25a to be effected, by adjusting the value of the initial tension of the springs 38a.

Starting from the configuration of FIG. 2, the pump 1 is put into action. The configuration of this Fig. then changes into that of FIG. 3. The fluid. delivered into conduit 5, from pump 1 first enters chamber 41; and moves the piston to the right to place the body 9b in abutment on face 13. The pressure of the fluid rises in the drive chamber 4a and in the common part or conduit section 34, and the fluid also passes through the calibrated orifice 28b and fills chamber 35b and conduit 21. The slide of the main valve, which is not yet at 30b, is still in tight abutment on the bearing 31. However, as the value of the pressure increases in the chamber 35b it becomes sufficient to repel the obturating element 37b. The fluid then flows through the calibrated orifice 24 towards conduit 20, this furthermore provoking a drop in pressure in the chamber 35b. When orifice 24 opens and pressure in chamber 35b drops. the effect of pressure of the fluid of the common part 34 on the slide 30b will be higher than the sum of that of the fluid contained in the chamber 35b and of the pressure of spring 32b. Thus, the slide 30b is repelled (i.e. moved to the left) in its turn, establishing communication between the common part 34 and the exhaust chamber 33. The slide 30b is still only slightly separated from the bearing 31, with the result that the pressure of the fluid in the common part 34 does not drop. Moreover, the fluid circulating in the conduit 20, on passing through the control valve 250 now in open position, acts on the slide 1612 by penetrating into the chamber 17b and slightly repels said slide 16b to the right against spring 18.

The slide 16b continues to be repelled, to the position 16c in the configuration shown in FIG. 4. In this position, the conduits 21 and 22 are placed in communication, so that the fluid contained in chamber 350 returns to reservoir 22. The slide of the main valve is then completely repelled to the left under the action of the fluid contained in the common part 34. Thus, the fluid contained in chamber 4c and in conduit 5 undergoes a drop in pressure, which pressure becomes substantially zero after a certain lapse of time. As a result the fourth configuration shown in FIG. 5 is obtained. The elastic reaction, as a result of this drop in pressure in chamber 4c repels the body 9d out of abutment of face 13. Furthermore, the pressure becoming zero in the common part or conduit section 34, the spring 32d repels slide 30d until it is again in sealed abutment on bearing 31. The pressure in the chamber 35d being zero, the control valve 25d moves to closed position under the action of springs 38d. Furthermore, the pressure of fluid in line 20 also drops to zero so that the spring 18d acts on the slide 16d in the direction provoking the delivery of the fluid in chamber 17d to conduit 20 and, by the connecting conduit 26, through the non-return valve 27, into conduit 21. As said latter remains in communication with conduit 22 for some time more, the fluid of chamber 17a is finally driven out towards conduit 22 to return to reservoir 2.

Accordingly, the slide 16d again obturates conduit 21. The vibratorhas then returned to the initial configuration of FIG. 2 so that a new operational cycle, similar to that which has just been seen, recommences.

It is ascertained that the device which has been described allows a pressurisation of the fluid contained in the drive chamber of the jackt3, and a successive and periodic communicating of said chamber with the reservoir 2. This device therefore constitutes a real vibrator, which is solely constituted of mechanical and hydraulic elements.

The principle of the constitution and functioning of the vibratorshown in FIGS. to is obviously found again in the vibrator shownin FIG. 6.

In this second variant, the pump 1e isv intended for supplying chamber 42, whilst the pump 1f supplies chamber 4f. Each valve 29e, 29f, in cooperation with the distributor 45 will successively and periodically pressurise the fluid of the corresponding drive chamber 4e, 4f, and communicate said drive chamber with reservoir 2. The means carried out being exactly, identical to those of the embodiment of FIGS. 2 to 5, the results are obviously identical. b H

However, the supplies of the drive chambers 4e and 4fare effected so that their effectsare not antagonistic. It was therefore necessary to effect the synchronisation of these suppliesand to make the communicating of chamber 4f with reservoir 2 correspond to the rise in pressure of the fluid-of-chamber le, and vice versa, i.e. the communicating of chamber. 4e with reservoir.2 to correspond to therisein pressure of the fluid of chamber4f.

This synchronisation has been obtained in the present case by adopting .a single, distributor 45. In fact, it is ascertained that to,,the position ,of slide 44 shown in FIG. 6, there correspond on the onehand the obturation of the conduit 2leat the level of. the distributor 45 and consequently a configuration of the supply of the drive chamber 4e similar to. that of the chamber 4a of the jack 3 of the vibrator ofFIG. 2, and on the other hand, the communicating of conduit 2lfwith the conduit 22 at the level of thedistributor 45 and consequently a configuration of the supply of the drive chamber 4fsimilar to thatof chamber 40 of jack 3 of the vibrator of FIG 4. Now, it was noted and indicated previously that in the configurationof FIG. 2,'at the moment when the pump 1 was set into action, the value of the pressure of the fluid of chamber 411 increased, whilst on the contrary, in the configuration of FIG. 4, the pres sure in chamber 40 became zero. In view of the analogy of the abovementioned configurations, it is noted, in the case of FIG. 6, thata drop in pressure, in chamber 4f corresponds torise in pressure inchamber 42. Of course, the device being symmetricaLit would be as certained, in the same way, that a drop inpressure in chamber 42 corresponds ,to a rise inpressure in chamber 4f. In brief, the desiredsynchronisation is indeed obtained.-, t J,

It will have been notedthat the return into position of the slide-44 against the effect of the pressure 0f .,the

functioning of the vibrator itself, and, of course, having the abovementioned synchronisation.

The fact that the receiver constituted by the jack 43 is of double action makes it possible not to be obliged to provide a support of the body 9a on a face 13, as is the case with the oscillator of FIG. 2, which comprises only a single action jack 3, the pressurisation of the drive chamber supplied being effected taking into account the inertia of the body 9.

The applications of such vibrators are multiple. Any body 9 may be vibrated. Benches for testing the resistance of mechanical structures to alternate stresses (fatigue tests) may therefore be made. The stress developed in a hydraulic press may also be checked. The direction of a hydraulic, e.g. rotary receiver may be reversed. By using a jack, a hydraulic pump may be produced. Finally, without this list being limitative, machines may be simply made which are adapted to compressing by vibration, such as compressing rollers, or pneumatic drills may further be made. Furthermore, assemblies other than those described with reference to the accompanying Figures are possible by retaining the principle of production and elementary functioning indicated.

The assembly of the two single-action jacks, whose chambers are 17:? and 17]", is equivalent to a single double-acting jack, and even constitutes, in fact, such a double-action jack.

What is claimed is:

1. A pressurized fluid controlled vibrator comprising at least one pump (1), a fluid reservoir (2), a receiver (3) having at least one fluid receiving drive chamber (4) formed therein and including a first element (6) adapted to be fixed to a structure (7) and a second movable element (10) coupled to a body (9) of determined mass; a suction conduit (14) connecting said pump to the reservoir; a delivery conduit (5) connecting said pump to said drive chamber (4); and first checking means (15) for checking the value of the pressure of fluid contained in said delivery conduit; said first checking means including a two-way distributor (15) having a movable member (16) positioned therein; a fluid inlet chamber (17) and a first return means (18) for biasing said movable member in a direction opposite to that of fluid contained in said fluid inlet chamber (17); and four main conduits including fluid contained in chamber ,1.7 e ,-is. effected under the effect of the pressure of thefluid contained in chamber 17f, andvice v-ersa, at theprecise moment when the pressurein conduit 20f, thus'incharnber 17f, isgreater a first main conduit (19) connected to said delivery conduit (5) through an intermediate conduit (34) to operatively connect the delivery conduit to said fluid reservoir (2); a main valve (23) disposed in said first conduit (19); said main valve being controlled by the antagonistic effects of a second return means (32) and the pressure of fluid contained in said first conduit between its connection to said intermediate conduit and said main valve; a second main conduit (20) connecting said intermediate conduit to said inlet chamber (17) of said two-way distributor (15); a third main conduit (21) connecting said second main conduit (20) to said distributor; said second main conduit (20) having a first calibrated orifice (24) disposed therein, said third main conduit being connected to said second main conduit between said first calibrated orifice and a the connection of said second main conduit (20) to the than that'in conduit 20c, thus in chamber 172 and vice versa;,C-onsequently, ithas been possible to eliminate a return spring, profiting from the. characteristic of the intermediate conduit (5), and a fourth main conduit (22) connecting said distributor to said fluid reservoir (2); a calibrated control valve (25) being disposed in the second main conduit (20) downstream of said first calibrated orificc; said calibrated control valve being controlled by the antagonistic effects of a third return means (38) and of the pressure of the fluid contained in said second conduit between the first calibrated orifice and the calibrated control valve; a connecting conduit (26) connecting said second conduit (20) between said control valve (25) and the inlet chamber (17) of said distributor (15) to said third conduit (21 a nonreturn valve (27) being disposed in said connecting conduit (26) for allowing passage of fluid only from the second conduit to the third conduit; said movable member in said distributor being movable to a plurality of positions including a first position corresponding to the preponderance of the effect of said first return means (18) over that of the fluid contained in said inlet chamber (17), whereby the third (21) and fourth (22) conduits are obturated at the level of the distributor; a second position corresponding to the preponderance of the effect of the fluid contained in said inlet chamber (17) on that of the first return means (18) whereby communication is established at the level of the distributor between the third (21) and fourth (22) conduits.

2. A vibrator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said intermediate conduit defines a common conduit section for said first and second main conduits and is connected to the delivery conduit; said main valve comprising a valve body having a slide slidably mounted therein and adapted to be positioned in sealed abutment with a valve seat in said main valve and which defines with said valve body, when it is effectively in sealed abutment, with said seal an exhaust chamber which is separated from said common conduit section, the part of the first conduit other than said common conduit section being permanently connected to said exhaust chamber; a second calibrated orifice being formed in said slide and connecting said common conduit section to the part of the second conduit other than the common conduit section and being disposed between the connection of the third main conduit to the second main conduit and the connection of said second main conduit to the delivery conduit.

3. A vibrator as claimed in claim 2, wherein said main valve is controlled by the effect of the pressure of the fluid contained in the part of the second conduit between said first and second calibrated orifices, said effect being in a direction identical to that of the second return means and tending to maintain said main valve obturated.

4. A vibrator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the opening of said calibrated control valve is also controlled by the effect of the pressure of the fluid contained in the part of the second conduit between the calibrated control valve and the inlet chamber of the distributor, said effect being in a direction identical to that of the third return means and tending to maintain said calibrated control valve obturated.

5. A vibrator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control valve includes an obturating element which is movably mounted in said body said third return means comprising an elastic member which is interposed between said obturation member and a support part; said support part being adjustable in position with respect to said valve body.

6. A vibrator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first return means of the movable member of the distributor comprises a spring.

7. A pressurized fluid controlled vibrator comprising first (12) and second (1)) pumps, a fluid reservoir (2), a double action receiver (43) having first (42) and second (4f) drive chambers formed therein and including a first element (46) adapted to be fixed to a structure (7) and a second movable element (47) coupled to a body (9) of determined mass; first (142) and second (14]) suction conduits respectively connecting said pumps to the reservoir; first (52) and second (5]) delivery conduits respectively connecting said pump to the respective drive chambers (42,4f); first (292) and second (23]) identical checking means for checking the value of pressure of fluid respectively contained in said delivery conduits; and a two way distributor (45) having (i) a movable member (44) positioned therein and (ii) first (172) and second (17f) fluid inlet chambers formed therein at opposite sides of the moving member so that fluid in one of these chambers may bias said movable member in a direction opposite to that of fluid contained in the other of the fluid inlet chambers; said fluid inlet chambers being respectively connected to said first and second identical checking means and defining first return means; and said identical checking means each including four main conduits including a first main conduit (192,19f) connected to its associated delivery conduit (52, 5]) through an intermediate conduit to operatively connect its associated delivery conduit to said fluid reservoir (2); a main valve (292,29f) disposed in its first main conduit(l9e,l9f); said main valve being controlled by the antagonistic effects of a second return means (322,32f) and the pressure of fluid contained in said first main conduit (192,19f) between its connection to said intermediate conduit (52.5)) and said main valve (29e,29j); a second main conduit (202,20f) connecting its associated intermediate conduit (5e,5f) to an associated inlet chamber (172,17j) of said two way distributor (45); a third main conduit (21e,2lf) connecting said second main conduit (202,20f) to said distributor (45); said second main conduit (202,20f) having a first calibrated orifice (242,24f) disposed therein, said third main conduit being connected to said second main conduit (202,201) between said first calibrated orifice and the connection of said second main conduit (202,20f) to its associated intermediate conduit (52,5)) and a common fourth main conduit (22) connecting said distributor to said fluid reservoir (2); a calibrated control valve (252,25f) being disposed in the second main conduit (202,2Oj) downstream of said first calibrated orifice (242,241); said calibrated control valve (252,25f) being controlled by the antagonistic effects of a third return means (382,38j) and of the pressure of the fluid contained in said second conduit (202,20f) between the first calibrated orifice (242,24f) and the calibrated control valve (252,25f); and a connecting conduit (262,26f) connecting said second conduit (202,20f) between said control valve (252,25f) and its associated inlet chamber (17e,17f) of said distributor (45) to its third conduit (212,21f); a non-return valve (272,27f) being disposed in said connecting conduit (262,261) for allowing passage of fluid only from the second conduit to the third conduit; said movable member (44) in said dis tributor being movable to a plurality of positions including a first position corresponding to the preponderance of the effect of fluid in said first fluid inlet chamber 172) over that of the fluid contained in said second inlet chamber (17 wherein the third main conduit nication is established between the third main conduit (2le) of said first checking means and the fourth main conduit (22) while the third main conduit (21]) of said second checking means is obturated at the distributor, whereby fluid is alternately supplied to said drive chambers to vibrate said body.

l l l 

1. A pressurized fluid controlled vibrator comprising at least one pump (1), a fluid reservoir (2), a receiver (3) having at least one fluid receiving drive chamber (4) formed therein and including a first element (6) adapted to be fixed to a structure (7) and a second movable element (10) coupled to a body (9) of determined mass; a suction conduit (14) connecting said pump to thE reservoir; a delivery conduit (5) connecting said pump to said drive chamber (4); and first checking means (15) for checking the value of the pressure of fluid contained in said delivery conduit; said first checking means including a two-way distributor (15) having a movable member (16) positioned therein; a fluid inlet chamber (17) and a first return means (18) for biasing said movable member in a direction opposite to that of fluid contained in said fluid inlet chamber (17); and four main conduits including a first main conduit (19) connected to said delivery conduit (5) through an intermediate conduit (34) to operatively connect the delivery conduit to said fluid reservoir (2); a main valve (23) disposed in said first conduit (19); said main valve being controlled by the antagonistic effects of a second return means (32) and the pressure of fluid contained in said first conduit between its connection to said intermediate conduit and said main valve; a second main conduit (20) connecting said intermediate conduit to said inlet chamber (17) of said two-way distributor (15); a third main conduit (21) connecting said second main conduit (20) to said distributor; said second main conduit (20) having a first calibrated orifice (24) disposed therein, said third main conduit being connected to said second main conduit between said first calibrated orifice and the connection of said second main conduit (20) to the intermediate conduit (5), and a fourth main conduit (22) connecting said distributor to said fluid reservoir (2); a calibrated control valve (25) being disposed in the second main conduit (20) downstream of said first calibrated orifice; said calibrated control valve being controlled by the antagonistic effects of a third return means (38) and of the pressure of the fluid contained in said second conduit between the first calibrated orifice and the calibrated control valve; a connecting conduit (26) connecting said second conduit (20) between said control valve (25) and the inlet chamber (17) of said distributor (15) to said third conduit (21); a non-return valve (27) being disposed in said connecting conduit (26) for allowing passage of fluid only from the second conduit to the third conduit; said movable member in said distributor being movable to a plurality of positions including a first position corresponding to the preponderance of the effect of said first return means (18) over that of the fluid contained in said inlet chamber (17), whereby the third (21) and fourth (22) conduits are obturated at the level of the distributor; a second position corresponding to the preponderance of the effect of the fluid contained in said inlet chamber (17) on that of the first return means (18) whereby communication is established at the level of the distributor between the third (21) and fourth (22) conduits.
 2. A vibrator as claimed in claim 1, wherein said intermediate conduit defines a common conduit section for said first and second main conduits and is connected to the delivery conduit; said main valve comprising a valve body having a slide slidably mounted therein and adapted to be positioned in sealed abutment with a valve seat in said main valve and which defines with said valve body, when it is effectively in sealed abutment, with said seal an exhaust chamber which is separated from said common conduit section, the part of the first conduit other than said common conduit section being permanently connected to said exhaust chamber; a second calibrated orifice being formed in said slide and connecting said common conduit section to the part of the second conduit other than the common conduit section and being disposed between the connection of the third main conduit to the second main conduit and the connection of said second main conduit to the delivery conduit.
 3. A vibrator as claimed in claim 2, wherein said main valve is controlled by the effect of the pressure of the fluid contained in the part of the second conduit between said first and second calibrated oRifices, said effect being in a direction identical to that of the second return means and tending to maintain said main valve obturated.
 4. A vibrator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the opening of said calibrated control valve is also controlled by the effect of the pressure of the fluid contained in the part of the second conduit between the calibrated control valve and the inlet chamber of the distributor, said effect being in a direction identical to that of the third return means and tending to maintain said calibrated control valve obturated.
 5. A vibrator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control valve includes an obturating element which is movably mounted in said body said third return means comprising an elastic member which is interposed between said obturation member and a support part; said support part being adjustable in position with respect to said valve body.
 6. A vibrator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first return means of the movable member of the distributor comprises a spring.
 7. A pressurized fluid controlled vibrator comprising first (1e) and second (1f) pumps, a fluid reservoir (2), a double action receiver (43) having first (4e) and second (4f) drive chambers formed therein and including a first element (46) adapted to be fixed to a structure (7) and a second movable element (47) coupled to a body (9) of determined mass; first (14e) and second (14f) suction conduits respectively connecting said pumps to the reservoir; first (5e) and second (5f) delivery conduits respectively connecting said pump to the respective drive chambers (4e,4f); first (29e) and second (23f) identical checking means for checking the value of pressure of fluid respectively contained in said delivery conduits; and a two way distributor (45) having (i) a movable member (44) positioned therein and (ii) first (17e) and second (17f) fluid inlet chambers formed therein at opposite sides of the moving member so that fluid in one of these chambers may bias said movable member in a direction opposite to that of fluid contained in the other of the fluid inlet chambers; said fluid inlet chambers being respectively connected to said first and second identical checking means and defining first return means; and said identical checking means each including four main conduits including a first main conduit (19e,19f) connected to its associated delivery conduit (5e, 5f) through an intermediate conduit to operatively connect its associated delivery conduit to said fluid reservoir (2); a main valve (29e,29f) disposed in its first main conduit(19e,19f); said main valve being controlled by the antagonistic effects of a second return means (32e,32f) and the pressure of fluid contained in said first main conduit (19e,19f) between its connection to said intermediate conduit (5e,5f) and said main valve (29e,29f); a second main conduit (20e,20f) connecting its associated intermediate conduit (5e,5f) to an associated inlet chamber (17e, 17f) of said two way distributor (45); a third main conduit (21e, 21f) connecting said second main conduit (20e,20f) to said distributor (45); said second main conduit (20e,20f) having a first calibrated orifice (24e,24f) disposed therein, said third main conduit being connected to said second main conduit (20e, 20f) between said first calibrated orifice and the connection of said second main conduit (20e,20f) to its associated intermediate conduit (5e,5f) and a common fourth main conduit (22) connecting said distributor to said fluid reservoir (2); a calibrated control valve (25e,25f) being disposed in the second main conduit (20e,20f) downstream of said first calibrated orifice (24e,24f); said calibrated control valve (25E,25f) being controlled by the antagonistic effects of a third return means (38e,38f) and of the pressure of the fluid contained in said second conduit (20e,20f) between the first calibrated orifice (24e,24f) and the calibrated control valve (25e,25f); and a connecting conduit (26e,26f) connecting said second conduit (20e,20f) between said control valve (25e,25f) and its associated inlet chamber (17e,17f) of said distributor (45) to its third conduit (21e,21f); a non-return valve (27e,27f) being disposed in said connecting conduit (26e,26f) for allowing passage of fluid only from the second conduit to the third conduit; said movable member (44) in said distributor being movable to a plurality of positions including a first position corresponding to the preponderance of the effect of fluid in said first fluid inlet chamber (17e) over that of the fluid contained in said second inlet chamber (17f) wherein the third main conduit (21e) of said first checking means is obturated at the distributor while the third main conduit (21f) of said second checking means is in communication with said fourth main conduit (22); and a second position corresponding to the preponderance of the effect of the fluid contained in said second inlet chamber (17f) over that of the fluid in said first inlet chamber wherein communication is established between the third main conduit (21e) of said first checking means and the fourth main conduit (22) while the third main conduit (21f) of said second checking means is obturated at the distributor, whereby fluid is alternately supplied to said drive chambers to vibrate said body. 